Density, Mass & Volume Calculator (ρ = m/V)
Solve density, mass, and volume with material presets (steel, gold, aluminum, concrete, water) and unit conversions across metric and US imperial.
Calculated Results
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the formula for density, mass, and volume?
The fundamental formula is: Density (ρ) = Mass (m) / Volume (V). Mass = Density × Volume. Volume = Mass / Density.
What is Specific Gravity (SG)?
Specific gravity is a dimensionless ratio comparing the density of a substance to the density of pure water at 4°C (1.00 g/cm³ or 1,000 kg/m³). An object with SG > 1.0 sinks in water; an object with SG < 1.0 floats.
How do you convert between g/cm³ and lbs/cu ft?
Multiply density in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) by 62.428 to get pounds per cubic foot (lbs/ft³). For example, steel (7.85 g/cm³) weighs 7.85 × 62.428 = 490 lbs/cu ft.
Why does temperature affect density?
Most materials expand when heated, increasing volume while mass remains unchanged, resulting in decreased density. Water is a notable exception between 0°C and 4°C, where it becomes denser as it warms before expanding.